Tagged: taddhita
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1: Overview: Pali Essentials
1A concise overview of the Pāḷi language covering key features
10: Grammar: Derived words (`taddhita`, `uṇādi`)
2How new nouns are made from other nouns with the `taddhita` affixes {344}–{405} and from roots with the `kita` and `uṇādi` affixes of the Uṇādikappa {624}–{673}, and the senses the affixes carry
10.1: The descendant, and the shape of an affixed word
3A name such as `vāsiṭṭho` ("Vasiṭṭha's descendant") is an ancestor's name with an affix added and its first vowel lengthened. The seven affixes that mean "descendant of" {344}–{349}, and the three changes that give every affixed word its shape {396}, {400}.
10.2: Connected with it: `ṇika`, `ṇa`, `ima` and `iya`
4A word in `-ika` such as `nāviko` ("a sailor") is a noun with the affix `ṇika` added, and it names something connected with the base: mixed with it, crossing by it, studying it, made by it, living by it {350}–{351}. The affixes `ṇa` {352} and `ima`, `iya` {353} work the same way: `kāsāvaṁ` ("the ochre robe"), `pacchimo` ("last").
10.3: A collection, an occasion, a likeness, a dependence, an abundance
5A noun with an affix that adds a sense to it: a collection of what it names, `janatā` ("the people") {354}–{355}; an occasion of it {356}; and the rarer senses of a likeness, a dependence and an abundance, `dhūmāyitattaṁ`, `duṭṭhullaṁ`, `abhijjhālu` {357}–{359}.
10.4: The abstract state, and comparison
6A noun in `-tā` or `-ttaṁ` names a state, "the state of being so": `dhammatā` ("nature"), `anodarikattaṁ` ("moderation in eating"). The affixes of the abstract state, `tta`, `tā`, `ṇya`, `ttana`, `ṇa` and `kaṇ` {360}–{362}, and the affixes of comparison, `tara`, `tama`, `iya`, `iṭṭha` and `isika` {363}: `pāpataro` ("worse"), `pāpatamo` ("worst"), `katamo` ("which?").
10.5: Having that, and made of that
7`bhagavā` ("the Blessed One") is `bhaga` ("good fortune") with an affix meaning "having that". The affixes `vantu`, `mantu`, `ī`, `vī`, `sī`, `ika`, `ra` and `ṇa` {364}–{371}, the shapes a `-vantu` word takes before its endings, and the affix `maya`, "made of that" {372}.
10.6: The numerals, and the affixes of division and manner
8`dutiyaṁ` ("second") is the number two with an ordinal affix {373}–{387}; `vīsati` ("twenty") and `sataṁ` ("a hundred") are tens run together and reshaped {388}–{395}; `sabbaso` ("altogether") and `tathā` ("so") are a noun or a pronoun with an affix of division or manner {397}–{399}. How to recognise each.
H: `taddhita` (affixes)
9`taddhita` affixes and their meanings