5: Translation: Turning the wheel (Dhammacakkappavattanasutta)

Dhammacakkappavattanasutta

The text is the World Tipiṭaka Edition’s Dhammacakkappavattanasutta, Saṁyutta Nikāya 56.11, paragraphs 2206–2220, numbered 1–15 here; the paragraph numbers link to it, and the edition’s abbreviations (…pe…) are written out in full. This is the Buddha’s first discourse, to the five bhikkhū at Isipatana near Bārāṇasī. The Vinaya tells it again in the Mahākhandhaka, and the translation line of each sentence follows my translation of that telling at tidipa.github.io, where the discourse is discussed. Read it after chapter 2: every sentence is made of the forms that chapter tables, and the four realisations and the eightfold path are named with the words the bonus chapter uses.

The analysis line gives, for every word, its gender, number and ending (or voice, number, person and tense for a verb) and the lemma to look up; the gloss line gives one gloss per word; the fourth line is the translation.

1. The two extremes and the middle way

1.1 Ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṁ viharati isipatane migadāye.
*️⃣🤟🚹⨀②(eka) 🚹⨀②(samaya) 🚹⨀①(bhagavant) 🚺⨀⑦(bārāṇasī) 🟢⨀🤟▶️(viharati) 🚻⨀⑦(isipatana) 🚹⨀⑦(migadāya)
one | time | the Bhagavā | at Bārāṇasī | dwells | at Isipatana | in the Deer Park
At one time the Bhagavā was dwelling at Bārāṇasī, at Isipatana in the Deer Park.

1.2 Tatra kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi—
⏏️(tatra) ⏏️(kho) 🚹⨀①(bhagavant) 🚹⨂②🆎(pañca+vaggiya) 🚹⨂②(bhikkhu) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(āmanteti)
there | indeed | the Bhagavā | of the group of five | bhikkhū | addressed
There the Bhagavā addressed the group of five bhikkhū:

2.1 “Dveme, bhikkhave, antā pabbajitena na sevitabbā.
⚧⨂①(dvi) *️⃣🤟🚹⨂①(ima) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚹⨂①(anta) 🚹⨀③🔽(ta)(pabbajita) ⏏️(na) 🚹⨂①🔽(tabba)(sevitabba)
two | these | bhikkhave | extremes | by one gone forth | not | should be cultivated
“These two extremes, bhikkhave, should not be cultivated by one who has gone forth.

2.2 Katame dve?
*️⃣🤟🚹⨂①(katama) ⚧⨂①(dvi)
which | two
What two?

2.3 Yo cāyaṁ kāmesu kāmasukhallikānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṁhito, yo cāyaṁ attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṁhito.
*️⃣🤟🚹⨀①(ya) ⏏️(ca) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀①(ima) 🚹⨂⑦(kāma) 🚹⨀①🆎(kāmasukhallikā+anuyoga) 🚹⨀①(hīna) 🚹⨀①(gamma) 🚹⨀①(pothujjanika) 🚹⨀①🆎(na+ariya) 🚹⨀①🆎(anattha+saṁhita) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀①(ya) ⏏️(ca) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀①(ima) 🚹⨀①🆎(atta+kilamatha+anuyoga) 🚹⨀①(dukkha) 🚹⨀①🆎(na+ariya) 🚹⨀①🆎(anattha+saṁhita)
which | and | this | in sensual pleasures | pursuit of sensual happiness | low | vulgar | worldly | ignoble | not conducive to welfare | which | and | this | pursuit of self-mortification | painful | ignoble | not conducive to welfare
That which is this pursuit of sensual happiness in sensual pleasures, which is low, vulgar, worldly, ignoble, not conducive to welfare; and that which is this pursuit of self-mortification, which is painful, ignoble, not conducive to welfare.

2.4 Ete kho, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṁvattati.
*️⃣🤟🚹⨂②(eta) ⏏️(kho) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) *️⃣🤟🚹⨂②(ubha) 🚹⨂②(anta) 🔽(ya)(anupagacchati) 🚺⨀①(majjhima) 🚺⨀①(paṭipadā) 🚹⨀③🆎(tathā+gata) 🚺⨀①🔽(ta)(abhisambuddha) 🚺⨀①🆎(cakkhu+karaṇa) 🚺⨀①🆎(ñāṇa+karaṇa) 🚹⨀④(upasama) 🚺⨀④(abhiññā) 🚹⨀④(sambodha) 🚻⨀④(nibbāna) 🟢⨀🤟▶️(saṁvattati)
these | indeed | bhikkhave | both | extremes | not approaching | middle | way | by the Tathāgata | fully awakened | producing vision | producing knowledge | to calm | to direct knowledge | to enlightenment | to extinguishment | leads
Without veering towards either of these two extremes, bhikkhave, the majjhimā paṭipadā (Middle Way) has been abhisambuddha (fully realised) by the Tathāgata, which produces vision, produces knowledge, leads to calm, to abhiññā, to sambodhi (enlightenment), to nibbāna (extinguishment).

3.1 Katamā ca sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṁvattati?
*️⃣🤟🚺⨀①(katama) ⏏️(ca) *️⃣🤟🚺⨀①(ta) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚺⨀①(majjhima) 🚺⨀①(paṭipadā) 🚹⨀③🆎(tathā+gata) 🚺⨀①🔽(ta)(abhisambuddha) 🚺⨀①🆎(cakkhu+karaṇa) 🚺⨀①🆎(ñāṇa+karaṇa) 🚹⨀④(upasama) 🚺⨀④(abhiññā) 🚹⨀④(sambodha) 🚻⨀④(nibbāna) 🟢⨀🤟▶️(saṁvattati)
which | and | that | bhikkhave | middle | way | by the Tathāgata | fully awakened | producing vision | producing knowledge | to calm | to direct knowledge | to enlightenment | to extinguishment | leads
And what, bhikkhave, is that majjhimā paṭipadā (Middle Way) by the Tathāgata, which produces vision, produces knowledge, leads to calm, to abhiññā, to sambodhi, to nibbāna?

3.2 Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṁ— sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi.
*️⃣🤟🚹⨀①(ima) ⏏️(eva) 🚹⨀①(ariya) 🚹⨀①🆎(aṭṭha+aṅgika) 🚹⨀①(magga) ⏏️(seyyathidaṁ) 🚺⨀①🆎(sammā+diṭṭhi) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+saṅkappa) 🚺⨀①🆎(sammā+vācā) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+kammanta) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+ājīva) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+vāyāma) 🚺⨀①🆎(sammā+sati) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+samādhi)
this | very | noble | eightfold | path | that is to say | right view | right resolve | right speech | right action | right livelihood | right effort | right awareness | right focus
It is this very ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo (Eightfold Path), that is to say: sammādiṭṭhi (right view), sammāsaṅkappa (right resolve), sammāvācā (right speech), sammākammanta (right action), sammāājīva (right livelihood), sammāvāyāma (right effort), sammāsati (right awareness), sammāsamādhi (right focus).

3.3 Ayaṁ kho sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṁvattati.
*️⃣🤟🚺⨀①(ima) ⏏️(kho) *️⃣🤟🚺⨀①(ta) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚺⨀①(majjhima) 🚺⨀①(paṭipadā) 🚹⨀③🆎(tathā+gata) 🚺⨀①🔽(ta)(abhisambuddha) 🚺⨀①🆎(cakkhu+karaṇa) 🚺⨀①🆎(ñāṇa+karaṇa) 🚹⨀④(upasama) 🚺⨀④(abhiññā) 🚹⨀④(sambodha) 🚻⨀④(nibbāna) 🟢⨀🤟▶️(saṁvattati)
this | indeed | that | bhikkhave | middle | way | by the Tathāgata | fully awakened | producing vision | producing knowledge | to calm | to direct knowledge | to enlightenment | to extinguishment | leads
This, bhikkhave, is that majjhimā paṭipadā abhisambuddha by the Tathāgata, which produces vision, produces knowledge, leads to calm, to abhiññā, to sambodhi, to nibbāna.

2. The four realisations

4.2 Idaṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccaṁ— yāyaṁ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṁ— kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ima) ⏏️(kho) ⏏️(pana) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚻⨀①🆎(dukkha+samudaya) 🚻⨀①🆎(ariya+sacca) *️⃣🤟🚺⨀①(ya) *️⃣🤟🚺⨀①(ima) 🚺⨀①(taṇhā) 🚺⨀①(ponobbhavika) 🚺⨀①🆎(nandī+rāga+sahagata) 🚺⨀①🆎(tatra+tatra+abhinandī) ⏏️(seyyathidaṁ) 🚺⨀①🆎(kāma+taṇhā) 🚺⨀①🆎(bhava+taṇhā) 🚺⨀①🆎(vibhava+taṇhā)
this | indeed | now | bhikkhave | origin of suffering | realisation | which | this | craving | leading to renewed becoming | accompanied by delight and lust | relishing here and there | that is to say | craving for sensual pleasures | craving for becoming | craving for non-becoming
Now this, bhikkhave, is the dukkhasamudaya ariyasacca (realisation of the origin of suffering): it is this taṇhā (craving) which leads to renewed becoming, accompanied by delight and lust, relishing now here, now there; that is to say, kāmataṇhā (craving for sensual pleasures), bhavataṇhā (craving for becoming), vibhavataṇhā (craving for non-becoming).

4.3 Idaṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṁ ariyasaccaṁ— yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ima) ⏏️(kho) ⏏️(pana) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚻⨀①🆎(dukkha+nirodha) 🚻⨀①🆎(ariya+sacca) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀①(ya) *️⃣🤟🚺⨀⑥(ta) ⏏️(eva) 🚺⨀⑥(taṇhā) 🚹⨀①🆎(asesa+virāga+nirodha) 🚹⨀①(cāga) 🚹⨀①(paṭinissagga) 🚺⨀①(mutti) 🚹⨀①🆎(na+ālaya)
this | indeed | now | bhikkhave | cessation of suffering | realisation | which | of that | very | craving | remainderless fading away and cessation | giving up | relinquishing | freedom | non-reliance
Now this, bhikkhave, is the dukkhanirodha ariyasacca (realisation of the cessation of suffering): it is the remainderless fading away and cessation of that same taṇhā, the giving up, the relinquishing of it, freedom from it, non-reliance on it.

4.4 Idaṁ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṁ— ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṁ— sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ima) ⏏️(kho) ⏏️(pana) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚺⨀①🆎(dukkhanirodha+gāmī) 🚺⨀①(paṭipadā) 🚻⨀①🆎(ariya+sacca) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀①(ima) ⏏️(eva) 🚹⨀①(ariya) 🚹⨀①🆎(aṭṭha+aṅgika) 🚹⨀①(magga) ⏏️(seyyathidaṁ) 🚺⨀①🆎(sammā+diṭṭhi) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+saṅkappa) 🚺⨀①🆎(sammā+vācā) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+kammanta) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+ājīva) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+vāyāma) 🚺⨀①🆎(sammā+sati) 🚹⨀①🆎(sammā+samādhi)
this | indeed | now | bhikkhave | leading to the cessation of suffering | path | realisation | this | very | noble | eightfold | path | that is to say | right view | right resolve | right speech | right action | right livelihood | right effort | right awareness | right focus
Now this, bhikkhave, is the dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca (realisation of the path leading to the cessation of suffering): it is this very ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, that is to say: sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappa, sammāvācā, sammākammanta, sammāājīva, sammāvāyāma, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.

3. Three phases, twelve aspects

5.1 ‘Idaṁ dukkhaṁ ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ima) 🚻⨀①(dukkha) 🚻⨀①🆎(ariya+sacca) ⏏️(iti) *️⃣👆⚧⨀④(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) ⏏️(pubbe) 🚹⨂⑦🔽(ta)🆎(na+anussuta) 🚹⨂⑦(dhamma) 🚻⨀①(cakkhu) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚻⨀①(ñāṇa) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(paññā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(vijjā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚹⨀①(āloka) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati)
this | suffering | realisation | thus | for me | bhikkhave | before | not heard | in dhammas | insight | arose | knowledge | arose | wisdom | arose | understanding | arose | light | arose
‘This is the dukkha ariyasacca’ (realisation of suffering): thus, bhikkhave, concerning dhammas not heard before, cakkhuṁ (insight) arose in me, ñāṇaṁ (knowledge) arose, paññā (wisdom) arose, vijjā (understanding) arose, āloko (light) arose.

6.1 ‘Idaṁ dukkhasamudayaṁ ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ima) 🚻⨀①🆎(dukkha+samudaya) 🚻⨀①🆎(ariya+sacca) ⏏️(iti) *️⃣👆⚧⨀④(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) ⏏️(pubbe) 🚹⨂⑦🔽(ta)🆎(na+anussuta) 🚹⨂⑦(dhamma) 🚻⨀①(cakkhu) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚻⨀①(ñāṇa) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(paññā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(vijjā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚹⨀①(āloka) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati)
this | origin of suffering | realisation | thus | for me | bhikkhave | before | not heard | in dhammas | insight | arose | knowledge | arose | wisdom | arose | understanding | arose | light | arose
‘This is the dukkhasamudaya ariyasacca’ (realisation of the origin of suffering): thus, bhikkhave, concerning dhammas not heard before, insight arose in me, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, understanding arose, light arose.

7.1 ‘Idaṁ dukkhanirodhaṁ ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ima) 🚻⨀①🆎(dukkha+nirodha) 🚻⨀①🆎(ariya+sacca) ⏏️(iti) *️⃣👆⚧⨀④(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) ⏏️(pubbe) 🚹⨂⑦🔽(ta)🆎(na+anussuta) 🚹⨂⑦(dhamma) 🚻⨀①(cakkhu) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚻⨀①(ñāṇa) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(paññā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(vijjā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚹⨀①(āloka) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati)
this | cessation of suffering | realisation | thus | for me | bhikkhave | before | not heard | in dhammas | insight | arose | knowledge | arose | wisdom | arose | understanding | arose | light | arose
‘This is the dukkhanirodha ariyasacca’ (realisation of the cessation of suffering): thus, bhikkhave, concerning dhammas not heard before, insight arose in me, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, understanding arose, light arose.

8.1 ‘Idaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccan’ti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṁ udapādi, ñāṇaṁ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ima) 🚺⨀①🆎(dukkhanirodha+gāmī) 🚺⨀①(paṭipadā) 🚻⨀①🆎(ariya+sacca) ⏏️(iti) *️⃣👆⚧⨀④(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) ⏏️(pubbe) 🚹⨂⑦🔽(ta)🆎(na+anussuta) 🚹⨂⑦(dhamma) 🚻⨀①(cakkhu) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚻⨀①(ñāṇa) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(paññā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚺⨀①(vijjā) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) 🚹⨀①(āloka) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati)
this | leading to the cessation of suffering | path | realisation | thus | for me | bhikkhave | before | not heard | in dhammas | insight | arose | knowledge | arose | wisdom | arose | understanding | arose | light | arose
‘This is the dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’ (realisation of the path leading to the cessation of suffering): thus, bhikkhave, concerning dhammas not heard before, insight arose in me, knowledge arose, wisdom arose, understanding arose, light arose.

9.1 Yāvakīvañca me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṁ tiparivaṭṭaṁ dvādasākāraṁ yathābhūtaṁ ñāṇadassanaṁ na suvisuddhaṁ ahosi, neva tāvāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṁ sammāsambodhiṁ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṁ.
⏏️(yāvakīvaṁ) ⏏️(ca) *️⃣👆⚧⨀⑥(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) *️⃣🤟🚻⨂⑦(ima) 🚻⨂⑦(catu) 🚻⨂⑦🆎(ariya+sacca) ⏏️(evaṁ) 🚻⨀①🆎(ti+parivaṭṭa) 🚻⨀①🆎(dvādasa+ākāra) ⏏️(yathābhūtaṁ) 🚻⨀①🆎(ñāṇa+dassana) ⏏️(na) 🚻⨀①🆎(su+visuddha) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(hoti) ⏏️(na) ⏏️(eva) ⏏️(tāva) *️⃣👆⚧⨀①(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚹⨀⑦(sadevaka) 🚹⨀⑦(loka) 🚹⨀⑦(samāraka) 🚹⨀⑦(sabrahmaka) 🚺⨀⑦🆎(sa+samaṇa+brāhmaṇa) 🚺⨀⑦(pajā) 🚺⨀⑦🆎(sa+deva+manussa) 🚺⨀②🆎(na+uttara) 🚺⨀②🆎(sammā+sambodhi) 🚹⨀①🔽(ta)(abhisambuddha) ⏏️(iti) 🟢⨀👆⏮(paṭijānāti)
as long as | and | my | bhikkhave | in these | four | realisations | thus | with three phases | with twelve aspects | in reality | total understanding | not | totally purified | was | not | indeed | so long | I | bhikkhave | with its devas | in the world | with Māra | with Brahmā | with its ascetics and brahmins | among living beings | with kings and commoners | unsurpassed | perfect understanding | fully awakened | thus | claimed
And as long as, bhikkhave, I did not have yathābhūta (in reality) ñāṇadassana (total understanding) and suvisuddha (total purification) in these four realisations with tiparivaṭṭa (three phases) and dvādasākāra (twelve aspects), then, bhikkhave, I did not claim to have abhisambuddha anuttara sammāsambodhi (woken up to perfect understanding) in this world having devas, Māra, Brahmā, ascetics and brahmins, pajā (living beings), sadevamanussa (kings and commoners).

10.1 Yato ca kho me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṁ tiparivaṭṭaṁ dvādasākāraṁ yathābhūtaṁ ñāṇadassanaṁ suvisuddhaṁ ahosi, athāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṁ sammāsambodhiṁ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṁ.
⏏️(yato) ⏏️(ca) ⏏️(kho) *️⃣👆⚧⨀⑥(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) *️⃣🤟🚻⨂⑦(ima) 🚻⨂⑦(catu) 🚻⨂⑦🆎(ariya+sacca) ⏏️(evaṁ) 🚻⨀①🆎(ti+parivaṭṭa) 🚻⨀①🆎(dvādasa+ākāra) ⏏️(yathābhūtaṁ) 🚻⨀①🆎(ñāṇa+dassana) 🚻⨀①🆎(su+visuddha) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(hoti) ⏏️(atha) *️⃣👆⚧⨀①(ahaṁ) 🚹⨂⓪(bhikkhu) 🚹⨀⑦(sadevaka) 🚹⨀⑦(loka) 🚹⨀⑦(samāraka) 🚹⨀⑦(sabrahmaka) 🚺⨀⑦🆎(sa+samaṇa+brāhmaṇa) 🚺⨀⑦(pajā) 🚺⨀⑦🆎(sa+deva+manussa) 🚺⨀②🆎(na+uttara) 🚺⨀②🆎(sammā+sambodhi) 🚹⨀①🔽(ta)(abhisambuddha) ⏏️(iti) 🟢⨀👆⏮(paṭijānāti)
but when | and | indeed | my | bhikkhave | in these | four | realisations | thus | with three phases | with twelve aspects | in reality | total understanding | totally purified | was | then | I | bhikkhave | with its devas | in the world | with Māra | with Brahmā | with its ascetics and brahmins | among living beings | with kings and commoners | unsurpassed | perfect understanding | fully awakened | thus | claimed
But when, bhikkhave, I had yathābhūta (in reality) ñāṇadassana (total understanding) and suvisuddha (total purification) in these four realisations with tiparivaṭṭa (three phases) and dvādasākāra (twelve aspects), then, bhikkhave, I claimed to have abhisambuddha anuttara sammāsambodhi (woken up to perfect understanding unsurpassed by anything) in this world having devas, Māra, Brahmā, ascetics and brahmins, pajā (living beings), sadevamanussa (kings and commoners).

10.3 Idamavoca bhagavā.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀②(ima) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(vadati) 🚹⨀①(bhagavant)
this | said | the Bhagavā
This the Bhagavā said.

10.4 Attamanā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandunti.
🚹⨂①🆎(atta+mana) 🚹⨂①🆎(pañca+vaggiya) 🚹⨂①(bhikkhu) 🚹⨀⑥(bhagavant) 🚻⨀②🔽(ta)(bhāsita) 🟢⨂🤟⏮(abhinandati) ⏏️(iti)
delighted | of the group of five | bhikkhū | of the Bhagavā | what was spoken | rejoiced in | (end quote)
The group of five bhikkhū, delighted, rejoiced in the Bhagavā’s words.

4. Koṇḍañña’s insight

11.1 Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṁ bhaññamāne āyasmato koṇḍaññassa virajaṁ vītamalaṁ dhammacakkhuṁ udapādi— “yaṁ kiñci samudayadhammaṁ sabbaṁ taṁ nirodhadhamman”ti.
*️⃣🤟🚻⨀⑦(ima) ⏏️(ca) ⏏️(pana) 🚻⨀⑦(veyyākaraṇa) 🚻⨀⑦🔽(māna)(bhaññamāna) 🚹⨀⑥(āyasmant) 🚹⨀⑥(koṇḍañña) 🚻⨀①(viraja) 🚻⨀①🆎(vīta+mala) 🚻⨀①🆎(dhamma+cakkhu) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(uppajjati) *️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ya) *️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(kaci) 🚻⨀①🆎(samudaya+dhamma) *️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(sabba) *️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(ta) 🚻⨀①🆎(nirodha+dhamma) ⏏️(iti)
in this | and | moreover | detailed exposition | being spoken | of the venerable | Koṇḍañña | pure | stainless | insight into the dhamma | arose | whatever | anything | subject to origination | all | that | subject to cessation | (end quote)
And while this detailed exposition was being spoken, there arose in āyasmā Koṇḍañña the viraja (pure), vītamala (stainless) dhammacakkhu (insight into the dhamma): “Whatever phenomena is subject to origination is completely subject to cessation.”

5. The devas take up the cry

12.1 Pavattite ca pana bhagavatā dhammacakke bhummā devā saddamanussāvesuṁ— “etaṁ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin”ti.
🚻⨀⑦🔽(ta)(pavattita) ⏏️(ca) ⏏️(pana) 🚹⨀③(bhagavant) 🚻⨀⑦🆎(dhamma+cakka) 🚹⨂①(bhumma) 🚹⨂①(deva) 🟢⨂🤟⏮(saddamanussāveti) *️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(eta) 🚹⨀③(bhagavant) 🚺⨀⑦(bārāṇasī) 🚻⨀⑦(isipatana) 🚹⨀⑦(migadāya) 🚻⨀①🆎(na+uttara) 🚻⨀①🆎(dhamma+cakka) 🚻⨀①🔽(ta)(pavattita) 🚻⨀①🆎(na+paṭivattiya) 🚹⨀③(samaṇa) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(brāhmaṇa) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(deva) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(māra) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(brahma) ⏏️(vā) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀③(kaci) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀⑦(loka) ⏏️(iti)
set in motion | and | now | by the Bhagavā | the wheel of the Dhamma | earth-dwelling | devas | raised a cry | this | by the Bhagavā | in Bārāṇasī | at Isipatana | in the Deer Park | unsurpassed | wheel of the Dhamma | set in motion | not to be stopped | by an ascetic | or | by a brahmin | or | by a deva | or | by Māra | or | by Brahmā | or | by anyone | or | in the world | (end quote)
And when the Dhammacakka (Dhamma wheel) had been set in motion by the Bhagavā, bhummā devā (the earth-dwelling devas) raised a cry: “This unsurpassed Dhammacakka has been set in motion by the Bhagavā in Bārāṇasī, at Isipatana in the Deer Park, which cannot be stopped by any ascetic or brahmin or deva or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world.”

12.7 Nimmānaratīnaṁ devānaṁ saddaṁ sutvā paranimmitavasavattī devā saddamanussāvesuṁ— “etaṁ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin”ti.
🚹⨂⑥🆎(nimmāna+ratī) 🚹⨂⑥(deva) 🚹⨀②(sadda) 🔽(tvā)(suṇāti) 🚹⨂①🆎(para+nimmita+vasa+vattī) 🚹⨂①(deva) 🟢⨂🤟⏮(saddamanussāveti) *️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(eta) 🚹⨀③(bhagavant) 🚺⨀⑦(bārāṇasī) 🚻⨀⑦(isipatana) 🚹⨀⑦(migadāya) 🚻⨀①🆎(na+uttara) 🚻⨀①🆎(dhamma+cakka) 🚻⨀①🔽(ta)(pavattita) 🚻⨀①🆎(na+paṭivattiya) 🚹⨀③(samaṇa) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(brāhmaṇa) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(deva) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(māra) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(brahma) ⏏️(vā) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀③(kaci) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀⑦(loka) ⏏️(iti)
of the Nimmānaratī | devas | the cry | having heard | the Paranimmitavasavattī | devas | raised a cry | this | by the Bhagavā | in Bārāṇasī | at Isipatana | in the Deer Park | unsurpassed | wheel of the Dhamma | set in motion | not to be stopped | by an ascetic | or | by a brahmin | or | by a deva | or | by Māra | or | by Brahmā | or | by anyone | or | in the world | (end quote)
Hearing the cry of the Nimmānaratī devas, the Paranimmitavasavattī devas raised a cry: “This unsurpassed Dhammacakka has been set in motion by the Bhagavā in Bārāṇasī, at Isipatana in the Deer Park, which cannot be stopped by any ascetic or brahmin or deva or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world.”

12.8 Paranimmitavasavattīnaṁ devānaṁ saddaṁ sutvā brahmakāyikā devā saddamanussāvesuṁ— “etaṁ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṁ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṁ dhammacakkaṁ pavattitaṁ appaṭivattiyaṁ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin”ti.
🚹⨂⑥🆎(para+nimmita+vasa+vattī) 🚹⨂⑥(deva) 🚹⨀②(sadda) 🔽(tvā)(suṇāti) 🚹⨂①🆎(brahma+kāyika) 🚹⨂①(deva) 🟢⨂🤟⏮(saddamanussāveti) *️⃣🤟🚻⨀①(eta) 🚹⨀③(bhagavant) 🚺⨀⑦(bārāṇasī) 🚻⨀⑦(isipatana) 🚹⨀⑦(migadāya) 🚻⨀①🆎(na+uttara) 🚻⨀①🆎(dhamma+cakka) 🚻⨀①🔽(ta)(pavattita) 🚻⨀①🆎(na+paṭivattiya) 🚹⨀③(samaṇa) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(brāhmaṇa) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(deva) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(māra) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀③(brahma) ⏏️(vā) *️⃣🤟🚹⨀③(kaci) ⏏️(vā) 🚹⨀⑦(loka) ⏏️(iti)
of the Paranimmitavasavattī | devas | the cry | having heard | the Brahmakāyika | devas | raised a cry | this | by the Bhagavā | in Bārāṇasī | at Isipatana | in the Deer Park | unsurpassed | wheel of the Dhamma | set in motion | not to be stopped | by an ascetic | or | by a brahmin | or | by a deva | or | by Māra | or | by Brahmā | or | by anyone | or | in the world | (end quote)
Hearing the cry of the Paranimmitavasavattī devas, the Brahmakāyika devas raised a cry: “This unsurpassed Dhammacakka has been set in motion by the Bhagavā in Bārāṇasī, at Isipatana in the Deer Park, which cannot be stopped by any ascetic or brahmin or deva or Māra or Brahmā or by anyone in the world.”

13.2 Ayañca dasasahassilokadhātu saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi, appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pāturahosi atikkamma devānaṁ devānubhāvanti.
*️⃣🤟🚺⨀①(ima) ⏏️(ca) 🚺⨀①🆎(dasa+sahassi+lokadhātu) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(saṅkampati) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(sampakampati) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(sampavedhati) 🚹⨀①🆎(na+pamāṇa) ⏏️(ca) 🚹⨀①(uḷāra) 🚹⨀①(obhāsa) 🚹⨀⑦(loka) 🟢⨀🤟⏮(pātubhavati) 🔽(ya)(atikkamati) 🚹⨂⑥(deva) 🚹⨀②🆎(deva+ānubhāva) ⏏️(iti)
this | and | ten-thousand-fold world system | trembled | shook | quaked | immeasurable | and | excellent | radiance | in the world | appeared | surpassing | of the devas | divine majesty | (end quote)
And this dasasahassilokadhātu (ten-thousand-fold world system) trembled, shook, quaked; and an immeasurable and excellent obhāso (radiance) appeared in the world, surpassing the divine majesty of the devas.

6. Aññāsikoṇḍañña

The colophon

15.1 Paṭhamaṁ. 🚻⨀①(paṭhama) the first The first [discourse of the chapter].