Answers to Warder Lesson 20

Answers to A.K. Warder “Introduction to Pali” Lesson 20

Passage 1

Mahāpadānasutta DN 14 PTS 2.1–2.54 2.1.1-2.2.13 (D II 21,13 - 22,21):

Atha kho, bhikkhave, Vipassī kumāro bahūnaṁ vassānaṁ bahūnaṁ vassasatānaṁ bahūnaṁ vassasahassānaṁ accayena sārathiṁ āmantesi: ‘yojehi, samma sārathi, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni uyyānabhūmiṁ gacchāma subhūmidassanāyā’ti. ‘Evaṁ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojetvā Vipassissa kumārassa paṭivedesi: ‘yuttāni kho te, deva, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, yassadāni kālaṁ maññasī’ti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, Vipassī kumāro bhaddaṁ bhaddaṁ yānaṁ abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi uyyānabhūmiṁ niyyāsi. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, Vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṁ niyyanto purisaṁ jiṇṇaṁ gopānasivaṅkaṁ bhoggaṁ daṇḍaparāyanaṁ pavedhamānaṁ gacchantaṁ āturaṁ gatayobbanaṁ. Disvā sārathiṁ āmantesi: ‘ayaṁ pana, samma sārathi, puriso kiṅkato? Kesāpissa na yathā aññesaṁ, kāyopissa na yathā aññesan’ti. ‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāmā’ti. ‘Kiṁ paneso, samma sārathi, jiṇṇo nāmā’ti? ‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāma. Na dāni tena ciraṁ jīvitabbaṁ bhavissatī’ti. ‘Kiṁ pana, samma sārathi, ahampi jarādhammo, jaraṁ anatīto’ti? ‘Tvañca, deva, mayañcamha sabbe jarādhammā, jaraṁ anatītā’ti. ‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṁ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā. Itova antepuraṁ paccaniyyāhī’ti. ‘Evaṁ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā tatova antepuraṁ paccaniyyāsi. Tatra sudaṁ, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro antepuraṁ gato dukkhī dummano pajjhāyati: ‘dhiratthu kira, bho, jāti nāma, yatra hi nāma jātassa jarā paññāyissatī’ti.

Atha kho, bhikkhave, Vipassī kumāro bahūnaṁ vassānaṁ bahūnaṁ vassasatānaṁ bahūnaṁ vassasahassānaṁ accayena sārathiṁ āmantesi: ‘yojehi, samma sārathi, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni uyyānabhūmiṁ gacchāma subhūmidassanāyā’ti.
🔼(atha kho) 🚹⓪⨂(bhikkhu) 🚹①⨂(vipassī) 🚹①⨀(kumāra) 🚹⑥⨂(bahu) 🚹⑥⨂(vassa) 🚹⑥⨂(bahu) 🚻⑥⨂(vassasata) 🚹⑥⨂(bahu) 🚻⑥⨂(vassasahassa) 🚹③⨀(accaya) 🚹②⨀(sārathi) ⏮🤟⨀(āmantesi) : ⏹🤘⨀(yojeti) 🔼(samma) 🚹⓪⨀(sārathi) 🚻②⨂(bhadda) 🚻②⨂(bhadda) 🚻②⨂(yāna) 🚺②⨀(uyyānabhūmi) ▶️👆⨂(gacchati) 🚻④⨀(subhūmidassana) 🔼(ti)
after that | monks | Vipassī | Prince | of many | of rain | of many | of centuries | of many | of millenniums | of time | driver/leader | addressed : please attach/yoke | brother | charioteer | luxurious | carriage | pleasure grounds | we wander | for sightseeing | quote
Monks, after the passing of many rains (years), centuries and milleniums, Prince Vipassī addressed his charioteer: “Brother charioteer, attach the yoke to the luxurious carriage, we wander to the pleasure grounds for sightseeing.”

‘Evaṁ, devā’ti kho, bhikkhave, sārathi Vipassissa kumārassa paṭissutvā bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni yojetvā vipassissa kumārassa paṭivedesi: ‘yuttāni kho te, deva, bhaddāni bhaddāni yānāni, yassadāni kālaṁ maññasī’ti.
🔼(evaṃ) 🚹⓪⨀(deva) 🔼(ti kho) 🚹⓪⨂(bhikkhu) 🚹①⨀(sārathi) 🚹⑥⨀(vipassī) 🚹⑥⨀(kumāra) 🔼(paṭissutvā) 🚻②⨂(bhadda) 🚻②⨂(bhadda) 🚻②⨂(yāna) 🔼(yojetvā) 🚹⑥⨀(vipassī) 🚹⑥⨀(kumāra) ⏮🤟⨀(paṭivedesi) 🚻①⨂(yutta) 🔼(ti)🤘④⨀(tvaṃ) 🚹⓪⨀(deva) 🚻①⨂(bhadda) 🚻①⨂(bhadda) 🚻①⨂(yāna) , 🔼(yassadāni) 🚹②⨀(kāla) ▶️🤘⨀(maññati)
yes | Lord | quote | 💡| monks | charioteer | of Vipassī | of Prince | having agreed | luxurious | carriage | yoked | announced : Harnessed | 💡| for you | Lord | luxurious | carriage , now for whatever | time | regard as
Monks, “Yes, Lord” the charioteer of Prince Vipassī responded in agreement. Having yoked the luxurious carriage, he announced “The luxurious carriage is yoked for you, my Lord, consider it ready now.”

Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassī kumāro bhaddaṁ bhaddaṁ yānaṁ abhiruhitvā bhaddehi bhaddehi yānehi uyyānabhūmiṁ niyyāsi.
🔼(atha kho) 🚹⓪⨂(bhikkhu) 🚹①⨂(vipassī) 🚹①⨀(kumāra) 🚻②⨂(bhadda) 🚻②⨂(bhadda) 🚻②⨂(yāna) 🔼(abhiruhitvā) 🚻③⨂(bhadda) 🚻③⨂(bhadda) 🚻③⨂(yāna) 🚺②⨀(uyyānabhūmi) ⏮🤟⨀(niyyāsi)
after that | monks | Vipassī | Prince | luxurious | carriage | having boarded | with luxurious | with carriage | left
After that, monks, Prince Vipassī, having boarded the luxurious carriage, departed with the luxurious carriage to the pleasure grounds.

Addasā kho, bhikkhave, Vipassī kumāro uyyānabhūmiṁ niyyanto purisaṁ jiṇṇaṁ gopānasivaṅkaṁ bhoggaṁ daṇḍaparāyanaṁ pavedhamānaṁ gacchantaṁ āturaṁ gatayobbanaṁ.
↩️🤟⨀(addasā) 🔼(kho) 🚹⓪⨂(bhikkhu) 🚹①⨂(vipassī) 🚹①⨀(kumāra) 🚺②⨀(uyyānabhūmi) 🚹①⨀(niyyanta) 🚻①⨀(purisa) 🚻①⨀(jiṇṇa) 🚻①⨀(gopānasivaṅka) 🚻①⨀(bhogga) 🚻①⨀(daṇḍaparāyana) 🚻①⨀(pavedhamāna) 🚻②⨀(gacchanta) 🚻①⨀(ātura) 🚻①⨀(gatayobbana)
saw | 💡| monks | Vipassī | Prince | pleasure grounds | departing | person | old | as crooked as a rafter | bent | leaning on a staff | trembling | walking | sick | passed prime
Monks, as Prince Vipassī was departing to the pleasure grounds, he saw an person who was old, crooked as a rafter, bent, leaning on a staff, trembling, walking, sick and well passed his prime.

‘Eso kho, deva, jiṇṇo nāma.
🚹①⨀(eta) 🔼(kho) 🚹⓪⨀(deva) 🚹①⨀(jiṇṇa) 🔼(nāma)
this | 💡| Lord | old man | called
“This, Lord, is called an old man.”

‘Tena hi, samma sārathi, alaṁ dānajja uyyānabhūmiyā.
🔼(tena hi) 🔼(samma) 🚹⓪⨀(sārathi) 🔼(alaṃ) 🔼(dānajja) 🚺⑥⨀(uyyānabhūmi)
in that case | brother | charioteer | it is enough | for now | of pleasure grounds
“in that case, brother charioteer, I’ve had enough of the pleasure grounds for now.”

Itova antepuraṁ paccaniyyāhī’ti.
🔼(itova) 🚻②⨀(antepura) ⏹🤘⨀(paccaniyyāti) 🔼(ti)
as soon as possible from here | king’s palace | please return | quote
“Please return to the King’s palace as soon as possible from here.”

Passage 2

Aggaññasutta DN 27 PTS 3.80–3.98 1.1-7.10, 10.1-12.9 (D III 80,1 - 86,10):

Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Tena kho pana samayena vāseṭṭhabhāradvājā bhikkhūsu parivasanti bhikkhubhāvaṁ ākaṅkhamānā. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito pāsādā orohitvā pāsādapacchāyāyaṁ abbhokāse caṅkamati. Addasā kho vāseṭṭho bhagavantaṁ sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhitaṁ pāsādā orohitvā pāsādapacchāyāyaṁ abbhokāse caṅkamantaṁ. Disvāna bhāradvājaṁ āmantesi: “ayaṁ, āvuso bhāradvāja, bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito pāsādā orohitvā pāsādapacchāyāyaṁ abbhokāse caṅkamati. Āyāmāvuso bhāradvāja, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamissāma; appeva nāma labheyyāma bhagavato santikā dhammiṁ kathaṁ savanāyā”ti. “Evamāvuso”ti kho bhāradvājo vāseṭṭhassa paccassosi. Atha kho vāseṭṭhabhāradvājā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā bhagavantaṁ caṅkamantaṁ anucaṅkamiṁsu.
Atha kho bhagavā vāseṭṭhaṁ āmantesi: “tumhe khvattha, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇajaccā brāhmaṇakulīnā brāhmaṇakulā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitā, kacci vo, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā na akkosanti na paribhāsantī”ti? “Taggha no, bhante, brāhmaṇā akkosanti paribhāsanti attarūpāya paribhāsāya paripuṇṇāya, no aparipuṇṇāyā”ti. “Yathā kathaṁ pana vo, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā akkosanti paribhāsanti attarūpāya paribhāsāya paripuṇṇāya, no aparipuṇṇāyā”ti? “Brāhmaṇā, bhante, evamāhaṁsu: ‘brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīnā aññe vaṇṇā. Brāhmaṇova sukko vaṇṇo, kaṇhā aññe vaṇṇā. Brāhmaṇāva sujjhanti, no abrāhmaṇā. Brāhmaṇāva brahmuno puttā orasā mukhato jātā brahmajā brahmanimmitā brahmadāyādā. Te tumhe seṭṭhaṁ vaṇṇaṁ hitvā hīnamattha vaṇṇaṁ ajjhupagatā, yadidaṁ muṇḍake samaṇake ibbhe kaṇhe bandhupādāpacce. Tayidaṁ na sādhu, tayidaṁ nappatirūpaṁ, yaṁ tumhe seṭṭhaṁ vaṇṇaṁ hitvā hīnamattha vaṇṇaṁ ajjhupagatā yadidaṁ muṇḍake samaṇake ibbhe kaṇhe bandhupādāpacce’ti. Evaṁ kho no, bhante, brāhmaṇā akkosanti paribhāsanti attarūpāya paribhāsāya paripuṇṇāya, no aparipuṇṇāyā”ti. “Taggha vo, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā porāṇaṁ assarantā evamāhaṁsu: ‘brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīnā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇova sukko vaṇṇo, kaṇhā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇāva sujjhanti, no abrāhmaṇā; brāhmaṇāva brahmuno puttā orasā mukhato jātā brahmajā brahmanimmitā brahmadāyādā’ti. Dissanti kho pana, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇānaṁ brāhmaṇiyo utuniyopi gabbhiniyopi vijāyamānāpi pāyamānāpi. Te ca brāhmaṇā yonijāva samānā evamāhaṁsu: ‘brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīnā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇova sukko vaṇṇo, kaṇhā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇāva sujjhanti, no abrāhmaṇā; brāhmaṇāva brahmuno puttā orasā mukhato jātā brahmajā brahmanimmitā brahmadāyādā’ti. Te brahmānañceva abbhācikkhanti, musā ca bhāsanti, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavanti. Cattārome, vāseṭṭha, vaṇṇā— khattiyā, brāhmaṇā, vessā, suddā. Khattiyopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavāco pharusavāco samphappalāpī abhijjhālu byāpannacitto micchādiṭṭhī. Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā naalamariyā naalamariyasaṅkhātā kaṇhā kaṇhavipākā viññugarahitā, khattiyepi te idhekacce sandissanti. Brāhmaṇopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… vessopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… suddopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavāco pharusavāco samphappalāpī abhijjhālu byāpannacitto micchādiṭṭhī. Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā …pe… kaṇhā kaṇhavipākā viññugarahitā; suddepi te idhekacce sandissanti. Khattiyopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato, musāvādā paṭivirato, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato, samphappalāpā paṭivirato, anabhijjhālu abyāpannacitto, sammādiṭṭhī. Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā sukkā sukkavipākā viññuppasatthā, khattiyepi te idhekacce sandissanti. Brāhmaṇopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… vessopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… suddopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… anabhijjhālu, abyāpannacitto, sammādiṭṭhī. Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā sukkā sukkavipākā viññuppasatthā; suddepi te idhekacce sandissanti. Imesu kho, vāseṭṭha, catūsu vaṇṇesu evaṁ ubhayavokiṇṇesu vattamānesu kaṇhasukkesu dhammesu viññugarahitesu ceva viññuppasatthesu ca yadettha brāhmaṇā evamāhaṁsu: ‘brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīnā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇova sukko vaṇṇo, kaṇhā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇāva sujjhanti, no abrāhmaṇā; brāhmaṇāva brahmuno puttā orasā mukhato jātā brahmajā brahmanimmitā brahmadāyādā’ti. Taṁ tesaṁ viññū nānujānanti. Taṁ kissa hetu? Imesañhi, vāseṭṭha, catunnaṁ vaṇṇānaṁ yo hoti bhikkhu arahaṁ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṁyojano sammadaññāvimutto, so nesaṁ aggamakkhāyati dhammeneva, no adhammena. Dhammo hi, vāseṭṭha, seṭṭho janetasmiṁ, diṭṭhe ceva dhamme abhisamparāyañca.
Hoti kho so, vāseṭṭha, samayo yaṁ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena ayaṁ loko saṁvaṭṭati. Saṁvaṭṭamāne loke yebhuyyena sattā ābhassarasaṁvattanikā honti. Te tattha honti manomayā pītibhakkhā sayaṁpabhā antalikkhacarā subhaṭṭhāyino ciraṁ dīghamaddhānaṁ tiṭṭhanti. Hoti kho so, vāseṭṭha, samayo yaṁ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena ayaṁ loko vivaṭṭati. Vivaṭṭamāne loke yebhuyyena sattā ābhassarakāyā cavitvā itthattaṁ āgacchanti. Tedha honti manomayā pītibhakkhā sayaṁpabhā antalikkhacarā subhaṭṭhāyino ciraṁ dīghamaddhānaṁ tiṭṭhanti. Ekodakībhūtaṁ kho pana, vāseṭṭha, tena samayena hoti andhakāro andhakāratimisā. Na candimasūriyā paññāyanti, na nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni paññāyanti, na rattindivā paññāyanti, na māsaḍḍhamāsā paññāyanti, na utusaṁvaccharā paññāyanti, na itthipumā paññāyanti, sattā sattātveva saṅkhyaṁ gacchanti. Atha kho tesaṁ, vāseṭṭha, sattānaṁ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena rasapathavī udakasmiṁ samatani; seyyathāpi nāma payaso tattassa nibbāyamānassa upari santānakaṁ hoti; evameva pāturahosi. Sā ahosi vaṇṇasampannā gandhasampannā rasasampannā, seyyathāpi nāma sampannaṁ vā sappi sampannaṁ vā navanītaṁ evaṁvaṇṇā ahosi. Seyyathāpi nāma khuddamadhuṁ aneḷakaṁ; evamassādā ahosi.
Atha kho, vāseṭṭha, aññataro satto lolajātiko: ‘ambho, kimevidaṁ bhavissatī’ti rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyi. Tassa rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyato acchādesi, taṇhā cassa okkami. Aññepi kho, vāseṭṭha, sattā tassa sattassa diṭṭhānugatiṁ āpajjamānā rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyiṁsu. Tesaṁ rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyataṁ acchādesi, taṇhā ca tesaṁ okkami. Atha kho te, vāseṭṭha, sattā rasapathaviṁ hatthehi āluppakārakaṁ upakkamiṁsu paribhuñjituṁ. Yato kho te, vāseṭṭha, sattā rasapathaviṁ hatthehi āluppakārakaṁ upakkamiṁsu paribhuñjituṁ. Atha tesaṁ sattānaṁ sayaṁpabhā antaradhāyi. Sayaṁpabhāya antarahitāya candimasūriyā pāturahesuṁ. Candimasūriyesu pātubhūtesu nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni pāturahesuṁ. Nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu pātubhūtesu rattindivā paññāyiṁsu. Rattindivesu paññāyamānesu māsaḍḍhamāsā paññāyiṁsu. Māsaḍḍhamāsesu paññāyamānesu utusaṁvaccharā paññāyiṁsu. Ettāvatā kho, vāseṭṭha, ayaṁ loko puna vivaṭṭo hoti.

Evaṁ me sutaṁ— ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde.
🔼(evaṃ) 👆③⨀(ahaṃ) 🚻①⨀(suta) - 🚹②⨀(eka) 🚹②⨀(samaya) 🚹①⨀(bhagavant) 🚺⑦⨀(sāvatthī) ▶️🤟⨀(viharati) 🚹⑦⨀(pubbārāma) 🚹⑦⨀(migāramātupāsāda)
thus | by me | heard - one | time | Blessed One | at Sāvatthī | stays | at Pubbārāma | at Migāramātupāsāda
Thus heard by me - at one time the Blessed One stays at Sāvatthī, at Pubbārāma Migāramātupāsāda (a monastery).

Tena kho pana samayena vāseṭṭhabhāradvājā bhikkhūsu parivasanti bhikkhubhāvaṁ ākaṅkhamānā.
🚹③⨀(ta) 🔼(kho pana) 🚹③⨀(samaya) 🚹①⨂(vāseṭṭhabhāradvājā) 🚹⑦⨂(bhikkhu) ▶️🤟⨂(parivasati) 🚹②⨀(bhikkhubhāva) 🚹①⨂(ākaṅkhamāna)
by that | and next | occasion | Vāseṭṭha and Bhāradvāja | at monks | stays for a trial period | monkhood | seeking
And in that occasion, Vāseṭṭha and Bhāradvāja are staying for a trial period with monks, seeking monkhood.

Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito pāsādā orohitvā pāsādapacchāyāyaṁ abbhokāse caṅkamati.
🔼(atha kho) 🚹①⨀(bhagavant) 🚹②⨀(sāyanhasamaya) 🚻①⨂(paṭisallāna) 🚹①⨀(vuṭṭhita) 🚹⑤⨀(pāsāda) 🔼(orohitvā) 🚺⑦⨀(pāsādapacchāyā) 🚹⑦⨀(abbhokāsa) ▶️🤟⨀(caṅkamati)
after that | the Blessed One | late afternoon | seclusion | emerged from | from mansion | having descended from | at shaded part of the mansion | open space | walks up and down
After that, the Blessed One emerged from seclusion in the late afternoon, having descended from the mansion, and walking up and down in the shade of the mansion.

Addasā kho vāseṭṭho bhagavantaṁ sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhitaṁ pāsādā orohitvā pāsādapacchāyāyaṁ abbhokāse caṅkamantaṁ.
↩️🤟⨀(addasā) 🔼(kho) 🚹①⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹②⨀(bhagavant) 🚹②⨀(sāyanhasamaya) 🚻①⨂(paṭisallāna) 🚹①⨀(vuṭṭhita) 🚹⑤⨀(pāsāda) 🔼(orohitvā) 🚺⑦⨀(pāsādapacchāyā) 🚹⑦⨀(abbhokāsa) 🚻②⨀(caṅkamanta)
saw | 💡| Vāseṭṭha | the Blessed One | late afternoon | seclusion | emerged from | from mansion | having descended from | at shaded part of the mansion | open space | walks up and down
Vāseṭṭha saw the Blessed One emerged from seclusion in the late afternoon, having descended from the mansion, and walking up and down in the shade of the mansion.

Disvāna bhāradvājaṁ āmantesi: “ayaṁ, āvuso bhāradvāja, bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṁ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito pāsādā orohitvā pāsādapacchāyāyaṁ abbhokāse caṅkamati.
🔼(disvāna) 🚹②⨀(bhāradvāja) ⏮🤟⨀(āmantesi) : 🚹①⨀(ima) 🔼(āvuso) 🚹⓪⨀(bhāradvāja) , 🚹①⨀(bhagavant) 🚹②⨀(sāyanhasamaya) 🚻①⨂(paṭisallāna) 🚹①⨀(vuṭṭhita) 🚹⑤⨀(pāsāda) 🔼(orohitvā) 🚺⑦⨀(pāsādapacchāyā) 🚹⑦⨀(abbhokāsa) ▶️🤟⨀(caṅkamati)
having seen | Bhāradvāja | addressed : friend | Bhāradvāja , the Blessed One | late afternoon | seclusion | emerged from | from mansion | having descended from | at shaded part of the mansion | open space | walks up and down having seen, he addressed Bhāradvāja: “This, friend Bhāradvāja, Blessed One emerged from seclusion in the late afternoon, having descended from the mansion, and walking up and down in the shade of the mansion.”

Āyāmāvuso bhāradvāja, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamissāma; appeva nāma labheyyāma bhagavato santikā dhammiṁ kathaṁ savanāyā”ti. 🚹①⨂(āyāma) 🔼(āvuso) 🚹⓪⨀(bhāradvāja) , 🚹③⨀(ya) 🚹①⨀(bhagavant) 🚹③⨀(ta) ⏭👆⨂(upasaṅkamati) ; 🔼(appeva) 🔼(nāma) ⏯👆⨂(labhati) 🚹⑤⨀(bhagavant) 🚻①⨂(santika) 🚻①⨀(dhammī) 🚻①⨀(katha) 🚻④⨀(savana) 🔼(ti) endeavour | friend | Bhāradvāja , by where | the Blessed One | by there | we will approach ; hopefully | for sure | we will receive | from Blessed One | in presence of | teaching | talk | for hearing
“We endeavour, friend Bhāradvāja, and will approach the Blessed One; hopefully we will surely receive from the Blessed One a teaching in his presence from hearing his words.”

Atha kho vāseṭṭhabhāradvājā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā bhagavantaṁ caṅkamantaṁ anucaṅkamiṁsu.
🔼(atha kho) 🚹①⨂(vāseṭṭhabhāradvājā) 🚹③⨀(ya) 🚹①⨀(bhagavant) 🚹③⨀(ta) ⏮🤟⨀(upasaṅkami) ; 🔼(upasaṅkamitvā) 🚹②⨀(bhagavant) 🔼(abhivādetvā) 🚹②⨀(caṅkamanta) ⏮🤟⨀(anucaṅkami)
after that | Vāseṭṭha and Bhāradvāja | by where | the Blessed One | by there | they approached ; having approached | the Blessed One | bowed to | walking up and down | followed
After that, Vāseṭṭha and Bhāradvāja approached the Blessed One, and having approached bowed to the Blessed One, and followed him walking up and down.

Atha kho bhagavā vāseṭṭhaṁ āmantesi: “tumhe khvattha, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇajaccā brāhmaṇakulīnā brāhmaṇakulā agārasmā anagāriyaṁ pabbajitā, kacci vo, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā na akkosanti na paribhāsantī”ti?
🔼(atha kho) 🚹①⨀(bhagavant) 🚹②⨀(vāseṭṭha) ⏮🤟⨀(āmantesi) : 🤘①⨂(tvaṃ) ▶️🤘⨂(atthi) , 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) , 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇajacca) 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇakulīna) 🚻①⨂(brāhmaṇakula) 🚻⑤⨀(agāra) 🚻①⨀(anagāriya) 🚹①⨂(pabbajita) , 🔼(kacci) 🔼(vo) , 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) , 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(na) ▶️🤟⨂(akkosati) 🔼(na) ▶️🤟⨂(paribhāsati) 🔼(ti)
after that | the Blessed One | Vāseṭṭha | addressed : Youse | you are , Vāseṭṭha , brahmans by birth | brahmans by family | belonging to the brahman family | from household life | to homeless state | renounced , I suspect | surely , brahman | no | insult | not | abuse | quote
After that, the Blessed One addressed Vāseṭṭha: “Youse are, Vāseṭṭha, brahmans by birth, brahmans by family, belong to the Brahman caste, renounced from household life to homeless state, I suspect, surely, do brahmans not insult nor abuse you?”

“Taggha no, bhante, brāhmaṇā akkosanti paribhāsanti attarūpāya paribhāsāya paripuṇṇāya, no aparipuṇṇāyā”ti.
🔼(taggha) 🔼(no) , 🚹⓪⨀(bhavant) , 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇa) ▶️🤟⨂(akkosati) ▶️🤟⨂(paribhāsati) 🚹⑥⨀(attarūpa) 🚺⑥⨀(paribhāsā) 🚺⑥⨀(paripuṇṇa) 🔼(no) 🚺⑥⨀(aparipuṇṇa) 🔼(ti)
surely | not , Bhante , brahmans | insult | abuse | personally | for insult | for abuse | for completely | no | for incompletely | quote
“Most certainly, Bhante, the brahmans not just insult and abuse, they personally and completely insult and abuse us, leaving nothing behind.”

“Yathā kathaṁ pana vo, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā akkosanti paribhāsanti attarūpāya paribhāsāya paripuṇṇāya, no aparipuṇṇāyā”ti?
🔼(yathā) 🚻①⨀(katha) 🔼(pana vo) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇa) ▶️🤟⨂(akkosati) ▶️🤟⨂(paribhāsati) 🚹⑥⨀(attarūpa) 🚺⑥⨀(paribhāsā) 🚺⑥⨀(paripuṇṇa) 🔼(no) 🚺⑥⨀(aparipuṇṇa) 🔼(ti)
because/since/like | words | but | surely , Vāseṭṭha , brahmans | insult | abuse | personally | for insult | for abuse | for completely | no | for incompletely | quote
But how indeed, Vāseṭṭha, in what words do the brahmans insult and abuse, personally and completely insulting and abusing, leaving nothing behind?”

“Brāhmaṇā, bhante, evamāhaṁsu: ‘brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīnā aññe vaṇṇā. 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇa) , 🚹⓪⨀(bhavant) , 🔼(evamāhaṃsu) : 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(eva) 🚹①⨀(seṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨂(hīna) 🚹①⨂(añña) 🚹①⨂(vaṇṇa)
brahmans | Bhante | spoke thus : brahman | only | best of | caste , inferior | other | castes
“The brahmans, Bhante, spoke thus: Only the brahman is the best caste, other castes are inferior.”

Brāhmaṇāva sujjhanti, no abrāhmaṇā.
🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) ▶️🤟⨂(sujjhati) 🔼(no) 🚹①⨂(abrāhmaṇa)
brahman | only | is purified , not | non-Brahmans
“Only the brahman is is purified, not non-Brahmans.”

Te tumhe seṭṭhaṁ vaṇṇaṁ hitvā hīnamattha vaṇṇaṁ ajjhupagatā, yadidaṁ muṇḍake samaṇake ibbhe kaṇhe bandhupādāpacce.
🚹①⨂(ta) 🤘①⨂(tvaṃ) 🚹②⨀(seṭṭha) 🚹②⨀(vaṇṇa) 🔼(hitvā) ▶️🤘⨂(hīnaatthi) 🚹②⨀(vaṇṇa) 🚹①⨂(ajjhupagata) , 🔼(yadidaṃ) 🚹②⨂(muṇḍaka) 🚹②⨂(samaṇaka) 🚹②⨂(ibbha) 🚹②⨂(kaṇha) 🚹②⨂(bandhupādāpacca)
that | youse | best | caste | having left behind | become inferior | caste | entered , namely | bald | low ascetics | low caste | dark | born from Brahma’s foot
“You, having left the best caste, adopted an inferior caste, namely a low caste of bald, dark, lowly ascetics born from Brahma’s foot.”

Tayidaṁ na sādhu, tayidaṁ nappatirūpaṁ, yaṁ tumhe seṭṭhaṁ vaṇṇaṁ hitvā hīnamattha vaṇṇaṁ ajjhupagatā yadidaṁ muṇḍake samaṇake ibbhe kaṇhe bandhupādāpacce’ti.
🔼(tayidaṃ) 🔼(na) 🚹①⨀(sādhu) , 🔼(tayidaṃ) 🔼(na) 🚻①⨀(nappatirūpa) , 🚻①⨀(ya) 🤘①⨂(tvaṃ) 🚹②⨀(seṭṭha) 🚹②⨀(vaṇṇa) 🔼(hitvā) ▶️🤘⨂(hīnaatthi) 🚹②⨀(vaṇṇa) 🚹①⨂(ajjhupagata) , 🔼(yadidaṃ) 🚹②⨂(muṇḍaka) 🚹②⨂(samaṇaka) 🚹②⨂(ibbha) 🚹②⨂(kaṇha) 🚹②⨂(bandhupādāpacca) 🔼(ti)
exactly that | no | excellent , exactly | improper , best | caste | having left behind | become inferior | caste | entered , namely | bald | low ascetics | low caste | dark | born from Brahma’s foot | quote
“Not exactly excellent, but improper, having left the best caste, adopted an inferior caste, namely a low caste of bald, dark, lowly ascetics born from Brahma’s foot.”

“Taggha vo, vāseṭṭha, brāhmaṇā porāṇaṁ assarantā evamāhaṁsu: ‘brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīnā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇova sukko vaṇṇo, kaṇhā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇāva sujjhanti, no abrāhmaṇā; brāhmaṇāva brahmuno puttā orasā mukhato jātā brahmajā brahmanimmitā brahmadāyādā’ti.
🔼(taggha) 🔼(vo) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) , 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇa) 🚻①⨀(porāṇa) 🚹①⨂(assaranta) 🔼(evaṁ) 🔄🤟⨂(āha) : 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(eva) 🚹①⨀(seṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨂(hīna) 🚹①⨂(añña) 🚹①⨂(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(eva) 🚹①⨀(sukka) 🚹①⨀(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨂(kaṇha) 🚹①⨂(añña) 🚹①⨂(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) ▶️🤟⨂(sujjhati) 🔼(no) 🚹①⨂(abrāhmaṇa) , 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🚹⑥⨀(brahma) 🚹①⨂(putta) 🚹①⨂(orasa) 🚹⑤⨀(mukha) 🚹①⨂(jāta) 🚹①⨂(brahmaja) 🚹①⨂(brahmanimmita) 🚹①⨂(brahmadāyāda) 🔼(ti)
surely | indeed , Vāseṭṭha , brahmans | ancient | not recollecting | thus | said : brahmans | Bhante | spoke thus : brahman | only | best of | caste , inferior | other | castes , brahman | only | good | caste , bad | other | castes , brahman | only | is purified , not | non-Brahmans , brahman | only | of Brahma | son | natural | from foremost | born | born from Brahma | created by Brahma | heir of Brahma | quote
“Surely indeed, Vāseṭṭha, the brahmans are not recollecting their origins when they said thus: “Only the brahman is the best caste, other castes are inferior, only the brahman is a good caste, other castes are bad, only the brahman is is purified, not non-Brahmans, only the brahman is a natural foremost son of Brahma, born from Brahma, created by Brahma, heir of Brahma.”

Te brahmānañceva abbhācikkhanti, musā ca bhāsanti, bahuñca apuññaṁ pasavanti.
🚹①⨂(ta) 🚹⑥⨂(brahma) 🔼(eva) ▶️🤟⨂(abbhācikkhati) , 🔼(musā) 🔼(ca) ▶️🤟⨂(bhāsati) , 🚹②⨀(bahu) 🔼(ca) 🚹②⨀(apuñña) ▶️🤟⨂(pasavati)
those | of Brahma | exclusively | falsely accuse , untruthfully | and | speak , much | and | demerit | generate
“Those of the Brahma falsely accuse, speak untruthfully and generate much demerit.”

Cattārome, vāseṭṭha, vaṇṇā— khattiyā, brāhmaṇā, vessā, suddā.
🔼(cattārome) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨂(vaṇṇa) - 🚹①⨂(khattiya) 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇa) 🚹①⨂(vessa) 🚹①⨂(sudda)
these four | Vāseṭṭha | castes - the ruling/warrior caste, the religious caste, the merchant/farming caste, the working/peasant caste.
“Vāseṭṭha, there are four castes - khattiya (ruling/warrior caste), brāhmaṇa (religious caste), vessa (merchant/farming caste), and sudda (working/peasant caste).”

Khattiyopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavāco pharusavāco samphappalāpī abhijjhālu byāpannacitto micchādiṭṭhī.
🚹①⨀(khattiya) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(idhekacca) 🚹①⨀(pāṇātipātī) ▶️🤟⨀(hoti) 🚹①⨀(adinnādāyī) 🚹①⨀(kāmesumicchācārī) 🚹①⨀(musāvādī) 🚹①⨀(pisuṇavāca) 🚹①⨀(pharusavāca) 🚹①⨀(samphappalāpī) 🚹①⨀(abhijjhālu) 🚹①⨀(byāpannacitta) 🚹①⨂(micchādiṭṭhi)
khattiya | only | Vāseṭṭha | in this case some | who kill living beings | is | who steal | who engage in sexual misconduct | who lie | who sow discord | who speak harshly | who gossip | greedy | evil minded | have wrong views
“As for Khattiyas, Vāseṭṭha, there are some who kill living beings, who steal, who engage in sexual misconduct, who lie, who sow discord, who speak harshly, who gossip , greedy, evil minded, have wrong views.”

Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā sāvajjā sāvajjasaṅkhātā asevitabbā asevitabbasaṅkhātā naalamariyā naalamariyasaṅkhātā kaṇhā kaṇhavipākā viññugarahitā, khattiyepi te idhekacce sandissanti.
🔼(iti) 🔼(kho) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🔼(yeme) 🚹①⨂(dhamma) 🚹①⨂(akusala) 🚹①⨂(akusalasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(sāvajja) 🚹①⨂(sāvajjasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(asevitabba) 🚹①⨂(asevitabbasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(naalamariya) 🚹①⨂(naalamariyasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(kaṇha) 🚹①⨂(kaṇhavipāka) 🚹①⨂(viññugarahita) , 🚹②⨂(khattiya) 🔼(api) 🚹①⨂(ta) 🚹①⨂(idhekacca) ▶️🤟⨂(sandissati)
like this | 💡| Vāseṭṭha | whatever | nature | unwholesome | considered wrong | objectionable | blameworthy | not to be associated with | not to be partaken of | unsuitable | unworthy | dark | bad results | criticised by the wise , khattiya | only | that | in this case some | exhibit
“Like this, Vāseṭṭha, whatever nature that is unwholesome, considered wrong, objectionable, blameworthy, not to be associated with, not to be partaken of, unsuitable, unworthy, dark, bad results, criticised by the wise, is manifested in some Khattiyas.”

Brāhmaṇopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… vessopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… suddopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavāco pharusavāco samphappalāpī abhijjhālu byāpannacitto micchādiṭṭhī.
🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) … 🔼(pe) …
Brāhmaṇa | only | Vāseṭṭha … ditto …
Ditto for the brāhmaṇas …
🚹①⨀(vessa) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) … 🔼(pe) …
Vessa | only | Vāseṭṭha … ditto …
Ditto for the Vessas …
🚹①⨀(sudda) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(idhekacca) 🚹①⨀(pāṇātipātī) ▶️🤟⨀(hoti) 🚹①⨀(adinnādāyī) 🚹①⨀(kāmesumicchācārī) 🚹①⨀(musāvādī) 🚹①⨀(pisuṇavāca) 🚹①⨀(pharusavāca) 🚹①⨀(samphappalāpī) 🚹①⨀(abhijjhālu) 🚹①⨀(byāpannacitta) 🚹①⨂(micchādiṭṭhi)
Sudda | only | Vāseṭṭha | in this case some | who kill living beings | is | who steal | who engage in sexual misconduct | who lie | who sow discord | who speak harshly | who gossip | greedy | evil minded | have wrong views
“As for Suddas, Vāseṭṭha, there are some who kill living beings, who steal, who engage in sexual misconduct, who lie, who sow discord, who speak harshly, who gossip , greedy, evil minded, have wrong views.”

Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā akusalā akusalasaṅkhātā …pe… kaṇhā kaṇhavipākā viññugarahitā; suddepi te idhekacce sandissanti.
🔼(iti) 🔼(kho) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🔼(yeme) 🚹①⨂(dhamma) 🚹①⨂(akusala) 🚹①⨂(akusalasaṅkhāta) … 🔼(pe) …
like this | 💡| Vāseṭṭha | whatever | nature | unwholesome | considered wrong … ditto …
“Like this, Vāseṭṭha, whatever nature that is unwholesome, considered wrong … ditto …
🚹①⨂(kaṇha) 🚹①⨂(kaṇhavipāka) 🚹①⨂(viññugarahita) , 🚹②⨂(sudda) 🔼(api) 🚹①⨂(ta) 🚹①⨂(idhekacca) ▶️🤟⨂(sandissati)
dark | bad results | criticised by the wise , Sudda | only | that | in this case some | exhibit
dark, bad results, criticised by the wise, is manifested in some Suddas.”

Khattiyopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato, musāvādā paṭivirato, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato, samphappalāpā paṭivirato, anabhijjhālu abyāpannacitto, sammādiṭṭhī.
🚹①⨀(khattiya) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(idhekacca) 🚹①⨂(pāṇātipāta) 🚹①⨀(paṭivirata) ▶️🤟⨀(hoti) 🚻①⨂(adinnādāna) 🚹①⨀(paṭivirata) 🚹①⨂(musāvādī) 🚹①⨀(paṭivirata) 🚹①⨂(pisuṇavāca) 🔼(vācāya) 🚹①⨀(paṭivirata) 🚹①⨂(pharusavāca) 🔼(vācāya) 🚹①⨀(paṭivirata) 🚹①⨂(samphappalāpī) 🚹①⨀(paṭivirata) 🚹①⨀(anabhijjhālu) 🚹①⨀(abyāpannacitta) 🚹①⨂(sammādiṭṭhi)
khattiya | only | Vāseṭṭha | in this case some | killing living beings | abstained from | is | stealing | abstained from | engaging in sexual misconduct | abstained from | lying | abstained from | sowing discord | abstained from | speaking harshly | out loud | abstained from | gossiping | out loud | abstained from | not greedy | kind minded | having right views
“As for Khattiyas, Vāseṭṭha, there are some who abstained from killing living beings, stealing, engaging in sexual misconduct, lying, sowing discord, speaking harshly out loud, gossiping out loud, and who are not greedy, kind minded, have right views.”

Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā sukkā sukkavipākā viññuppasatthā, khattiyepi te idhekacce sandissanti.
🔼(iti) 🔼(kho) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🔼(yeme) 🚹①⨂(dhamma) 🚹①⨂(kusala) 🚹①⨂(kusalasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(anavajja) 🚹①⨂(anavajjasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(sevitabba) 🚹①⨂(sevitabbasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(alamariya) 🚹①⨂(alamariyasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(sukka) 🚹①⨂(sukkavipāka) 🚹①⨂(viññuppasattha) , 🚹②⨂(khattiya) 🔼(api) 🚹①⨂(ta) 🚹①⨂(idhekacca) ▶️🤟⨂(sandissati)
like this | 💡| Vāseṭṭha | whatever | nature | wholesome | considered good | considered irreproachable | considered unobjectionable | should be associated with | reckoned to be partaken of | suitable | worthy | pure | with good results | praised by the wise , khattiya | only | that | in this case some | exhibit
“Like this, Vāseṭṭha, whatever nature that is wholesome, considered good, considered irreproachable, considered unobjectionable, should be associated with, reckoned to be partaken of, suitable, worthy, pure, with good results, praised by the wise, is manifested in some Khattiyas.”

Brāhmaṇopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… vessopi kho, vāseṭṭha …pe… suddopi kho, vāseṭṭha, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti …pe… anabhijjhālu, abyāpannacitto, sammādiṭṭhī.
🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) … 🔼(pe) …
Brāhmaṇa | only | Vāseṭṭha … ditto …
Ditto for the brāhmaṇas …
🚹①⨀(vessa) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) … 🔼(pe) …
Vessa | only | Vāseṭṭha … ditto …
Ditto for the Vessas …
🚹①⨀(sudda) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(idhekacca) 🚹①⨂(pāṇātipāta) 🚹①⨀(paṭivirata) ▶️🤟⨀(hoti) … 🔼(pe) … 🚹①⨀(anabhijjhālu) 🚹①⨀(abyāpannacitta) 🚹①⨂(sammādiṭṭhi)
Sudda | only | Vāseṭṭha | in this case some | who kill living beings | is | who steal | who engage in sexual misconduct | who lie | who sow discord | who speak harshly | who gossip | greedy | evil minded | have wrong views
“As for Suddas, Vāseṭṭha, there are some who abstained from killing living beings, … ditto …, and who are not greedy, kind minded, have right views.”

Iti kho, vāseṭṭha, yeme dhammā kusalā kusalasaṅkhātā anavajjā anavajjasaṅkhātā sevitabbā sevitabbasaṅkhātā alamariyā alamariyasaṅkhātā sukkā sukkavipākā viññuppasatthā; suddepi te idhekacce sandissanti.
🔼(iti) 🔼(kho) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🔼(yeme) 🚹①⨂(dhamma) 🚹①⨂(kusala) 🚹①⨂(kusalasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(anavajja) 🚹①⨂(anavajjasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(sevitabba) 🚹①⨂(sevitabbasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(alamariya) 🚹①⨂(alamariyasaṅkhāta) 🚹①⨂(sukka) 🚹①⨂(sukkavipāka) 🚹①⨂(viññuppasattha) , 🚹②⨂(sudda) 🔼(api) 🚹①⨂(ta) 🚹①⨂(idhekacca) ▶️🤟⨂(sandissati)
like this | 💡| Vāseṭṭha | whatever | nature | wholesome | considered good | considered irreproachable | considered unobjectionable | should be associated with | reckoned to be partaken of | suitable | worthy | pure | with good results | praised by the wise , Sudda | only | that | in this case some | exhibit
“Like this, Vāseṭṭha, whatever nature that is wholesome, considered good, considered irreproachable, considered unobjectionable, should be associated with, reckoned to be partaken of, suitable, worthy, pure, with good results, praised by the wise, is manifested in some Suddas.”

Imesu kho, vāseṭṭha, catūsu vaṇṇesu evaṁ ubhayavokiṇṇesu vattamānesu kaṇhasukkesu dhammesu viññugarahitesu ceva viññuppasatthesu ca yadettha brāhmaṇā evamāhaṁsu: ‘brāhmaṇova seṭṭho vaṇṇo, hīnā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇova sukko vaṇṇo, kaṇhā aññe vaṇṇā; brāhmaṇāva sujjhanti, no abrāhmaṇā; brāhmaṇāva brahmuno puttā orasā mukhato jātā brahmajā brahmanimmitā brahmadāyādā’ti.
🚹⑦⨂(ima) 🔼(kho) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹⑦⨂(catu) 🚹⑦⨂(vaṇṇa) 🔼(evaṃ) 🚹⑦⨂(ubhayavokiṇṇa) 🚹⑦⨂(vattamāna) 🚹⑦⨂(kaṇhasukka) 🚹⑦⨂(dhamma) 🚹⑦⨂(viññugarahita) 🔼(ceva) 🚹⑦⨂(viññuppasattha) 🔼(ca) 🔼(yadettha) 🚹①⨂(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(evaṁ) 🔄🤟⨂(āha) : 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(eva) 🚹①⨀(seṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨂(hīna) 🚹①⨂(añña) 🚹①⨂(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🔼(eva) 🚹①⨀(sukka) 🚹①⨀(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨂(kaṇha) 🚹①⨂(añña) 🚹①⨂(vaṇṇa) , 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) ▶️🤟⨂(sujjhati) 🔼(no) 🚹①⨂(abrāhmaṇa) , 🚹①⨀(brāhmaṇa) 🚹⑥⨀(brahma) 🚹①⨂(putta) 🚹①⨂(orasa) 🚹⑤⨀(mukha) 🚹①⨂(jāta) 🚹①⨂(brahmaja) 🚹①⨂(brahmanimmita) 🚹①⨂(brahmadāyāda) 🔼(ti)
in this | 💡| Vāseṭṭha | at four | at castes | thus | at both mixed up | at taking place | at bad and good | at nature | at criticised by wise | as well as | praised by the wise | and | that here | brahmans | thus | said : brahmans | Bhante | spoke thus : brahman | only | best of | caste , inferior | other | castes , brahman | only | good | caste , bad | other | castes , brahman | only | is purified , not | non-Brahmans , brahman | only | of Brahma | son | natural | from foremost | born | born from Brahma | created by Brahma | heir of Brahma | quote
In this, Vāseṭṭha, both good and bad nature are mixed up and taking place in all four castes, as well as both criticised and praised by the wise, and yet here those brahmans said like thus: “Only the brahman is the best caste, other castes are inferior, only the brahman is a good caste, other castes are bad, only the brahman is is purified, not non-Brahmans, only the brahman is a natural foremost son of Brahma, born from Brahma, created by Brahma, heir of Brahma.”

Taṁ tesaṁ viññū nānujānanti. 🚻①⨀(ta) 🚹⑥⨂(ta) 🚹①⨂(viññū) ▶️🤟⨂(nānujānāti) that | of that | the wise | do not accept “That, those who are wise do not accept.”

Taṁ kissa hetu?
🚻①⨀(ta) 🚹④⨀(ka) 🚹①⨀(hetu)
that | for what | cause
“Why?”

Imesañhi, vāseṭṭha, catunnaṁ vaṇṇānaṁ yo hoti bhikkhu arahaṁ khīṇāsavo vusitavā katakaraṇīyo ohitabhāro anuppattasadattho parikkhīṇabhavasaṁyojano sammadaññāvimutto, so nesaṁ aggamakkhāyati dhammeneva, no adhammena.
🚹⑥⨂(ima) 🔼(hi) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹⑥⨂(catu) 🚹⑥⨂(vaṇṇa) 🚹①⨀(ya) ▶️🤟⨀(hoti) 🚹①⨀(bhikkhu) 🚻①⨀(araha) 🚹①⨀(khīṇāsava) 🚹①⨀(vusitavant) 🚹①⨀(katakaraṇīya) 🚹①⨀(ohitabhāra) 🚹①⨀(anuppattasadattha) 🚹①⨀(parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojana) 🚹①⨀(sammadaññāvimutta) , 🚹①⨀(ta) 🚹⑥⨂(ta) ▶️🤟⨀(aggamakkhāyati) 🚹③⨀(dhamma) 🔼(eva) 🔼(no) 🚹③⨀(adhamma)
of this | indeed | Vāseṭṭha | of four | of castes | whoever | is | monk | deserving of | destroyed the effluents | perfected | who has done what needs to be done | who has put down the burden | who has achieved the highest goal | who has exhausted the fetters of existence | who is liberated by perfect understanding , he | of that | is considered the highest of | with morality | just | not | with immorality
“Of this, Vāseṭṭha, whichever monk amongst the four castes is deserving has destroyed the effluents, perfected, has done what needs to be done, has put down the burden, has achieved the highest goal, has exhausted the fetters of existence, is liberated by perfect understanding , he is considered the highest in morality, not immorality.”

Dhammo hi, vāseṭṭha, seṭṭho janetasmiṁ, diṭṭhe ceva dhamme abhisamparāyañca.
🚹①⨀(dhamma) 🔼(hi) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(seṭṭha) 🚹⑦⨀(janeta) , 🚹②⨂(diṭṭha) 🔼(ceva) 🚹②⨂(dhamma) 🚹②⨀(abhisamparāya)
characteristic | indeed | best | human , seen | as well as | principle | future state
“That characteristic, Vāseṭṭha, is the best goal for humans, now as well as in the future.”

Saṁvaṭṭamāne loke yebhuyyena sattā ābhassarasaṁvattanikā honti.
🚹⑦⨀(saṃvaṭṭamāna) 🚹⑦⨀(loka) 🚹③⨀(yebhuyya) 🚹①⨂(satta) 🚹①⨂(ābhassarasaṃvattanika) ▶️🤟⨂(hoti)
at contracting | at universe | mostly | living beings | reborn in the world of the radiant gods | are
“While the universe is contracting, living beings are reborn in the world of the radiant gods.”

Te tattha honti manomayā pītibhakkhā sayaṁpabhā antalikkhacarā subhaṭṭhāyino ciraṁ dīghamaddhānaṁ tiṭṭhanti.
🚹①⨂(ta) 🔼(tattha) 🚹①⨂(manomaya) 🚹①⨂(pītibhakkha) 🚹①⨂(sayaṃpabha) 🚹①⨂(antalikkhacara) 🚹①⨂(subhaṭṭhāyī) 🚻①⨀(cira) 🚻①⨀(dīghamaddhāna) ▶️🤟⨂(tiṭṭhati)
those | in that state | mind-made | feeding on bliss | self radiant, self-luminous | travelling through the sky | continuously beautiful | long | time | persist
“In that state, those beings are mind-made, feeding on bliss, self radiant, self-luminous, travelling through the sky, continuously beautiful, and persist for a long time.”

Vivaṭṭamāne loke yebhuyyena sattā ābhassarakāyā cavitvā itthattaṁ āgacchanti.
🚹②⨂(vivaṭṭamāna) 🚹⑦⨀(loka) 🚹③⨀(yebhuyya) 🚹①⨂(satta) 🚹⑤⨀(ābhassarakāya) 🔼(cavitvā) 🚻②⨀(itthatta) ▶️🤟⨂(āgacchati)
at expanding | at universe | mostly | living beings | from world of the radiant gods | fall away | to earthly existence | come back to
“While the universe is expanding, living beings fall away from the world of the radiant gods and come back to earthly existence.”

Tedha honti manomayā pītibhakkhā sayaṁpabhā antalikkhacarā subhaṭṭhāyino ciraṁ dīghamaddhānaṁ tiṭṭhanti.
🔼(tedha) ▶️🤟⨂(hoti) 🚹①⨂(manomaya) 🚹①⨂(pītibhakkha) 🚹①⨂(sayaṃpabha) 🚹①⨂(antalikkhacara) 🚹①⨂(subhaṭṭhāyī) 🚻①⨀(cira) 🚻①⨀(dīghamaddhāna) ▶️🤟⨂(tiṭṭhati)
they here | is | mind-made | feeding on bliss | self radiant, self-luminous | travelling through the sky | continuously beautiful | long | time | persist
“They here are mind-made, feeding on bliss, self radiant, self-luminous, travelling through the sky, continuously beautiful, and persist for a long time.”

Ekodakībhūtaṁ kho pana, vāseṭṭha, tena samayena hoti andhakāro andhakāratimisā.
🚻①⨀(ekodakībhūta) 🔼(kho pana) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹③⨀(ta) 🚹③⨀(samaya) ▶️🤟⨀(hoti) 🚹①⨀(andhakāra) 🚹①⨂(andhakāratimisa)
single mass of water | and next | Vāseṭṭha | by that | by time | is | darkness | blackness
“And next, Vāseṭṭha, by that time there is a single mass of water that is dark and black.”

Na candimasūriyā paññāyanti, na nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni paññāyanti, na rattindivā paññāyanti, na māsaḍḍhamāsā paññāyanti, na utusaṁvaccharā paññāyanti, na itthipumā paññāyanti, sattā sattātveva saṅkhyaṁ gacchanti.
🔼(na) 🚹①⨂(candimasūriya) ▶️🤟⨂(paññāyati) , 🔼(na) 🚻①⨂(nakkhatta) 🚻①⨂(tārakarūpa) ▶️🤟⨂(paññāyati) , 🔼(na) 🚻①⨂(rattindiva) ▶️🤟⨂(paññāyati) , 🔼(na) 🚹①⨂(māsaḍḍhamāsa) ▶️🤟⨂(paññāyati) , 🔼(na) 🚻①⨂(utusaṃvacchara) ▶️🤟⨂(paññāyati) , 🔼(na) 🚹①⨂(itthipumā) ▶️🤟⨂(paññāyati) , 🚹①⨂(satta) 🚹①⨂(satta) 🔼(iti eva) 🚺②⨀(saṅkhyā) ▶️🤟⨂(gacchati)
no | moon and sun | are evident , no | stars | twinkling | are evident , no | day and night | are evident , no | month and fortnight | are evident , no seasons and years | are evident , no | men and women | are evident , living beings | like this | just | conceptualization | becomes
“No moon and sun are evident, no twinkling stars are evident, no day and night are evident, no month and fortnight are evident, no seasons and years are evident, no men and women are evident , living beings become conceptualized.

Atha kho tesaṁ, vāseṭṭha, sattānaṁ kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena rasapathavī udakasmiṁ samatani; seyyathāpi nāma payaso tattassa nibbāyamānassa upari santānakaṁ hoti; evameva pāturahosi.
🔼(atha kho) 🚹⑥⨂(ta) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹⑥⨂(satta) 🔼(kadāci) 🔼(karahaci) 🚹⑥⨀(dīgha) 🚹⑥⨀(addha) 🚹③⨀(accaya) 🚺①⨀(rasapathavī) 🚻⑦⨀(udaka) ⏮🤟⨀(samatani) , 🔼(seyyathāpi) 🔼(nāma) 🚹⑥⨀(payas) 🚻⑥⨀(tatta) 🚹⑥⨀(nibbāyamāna) 🔼(upari) 🚻①⨀(santānaka) ▶️🤟⨀(hoti) ; 🔼(evameva) ⏮🤟⨀(pāturahosi)
after that | of that | Vāseṭṭha | of living beings | sometimes | occasionally | of long | of time | after the passing away of | essence of the earth | in water | spread all over , just like | certainly | of milk | of heated | of cooling | above | network | becomes ; in the same way | appeared
“After that, Vāseṭṭha, of those living beings, sometimes, occasionally, after the passing away of a long time, the essence of the earth spread all over the water, appeared just like heated milk cooling become a network of curd on top.”

Sā ahosi vaṇṇasampannā gandhasampannā rasasampannā, seyyathāpi nāma sampannaṁ vā sappi sampannaṁ vā navanītaṁ evaṁvaṇṇā ahosi.
🚺①⨀(ta) ⏮🤟⨀(ahosi) 🚺①⨀(vaṇṇasampanna) 🚺①⨀(gandhasampanna) 🔼(seyyathāpi) 🔼(nāma) 🚻①⨀(sampanna) 🔼(vā) 🚻①⨀(sappi) 🚻①⨀(sampanna) 🔼(vā) 🚻①⨀(navanīta) 🚹①⨂(evaṃvaṇṇa) ⏮🤟⨀(ahosi)
that | became | endowed with beauty | endowed with delightful odour | just like | object | fully ripe | or | ghee | well-prepared | or | fresh butter | of such appearance | became
“That became endowed with beauty and delightful odour, had the appearance and smell just like a fully ripe thing, or well-prepared ghee, or fresh butter.”

Seyyathāpi nāma khuddamadhuṁ aneḷakaṁ; evamassādā ahosi.
🔼(seyyathāpi) 🔼(nāma) 🚻①⨀(khuddamadhu) 🚻①⨀(aneḷaka) ; 🚹①⨂(evamassāda) ⏮🤟⨀(ahosi)
just like | object | honey from small bees | pure ; having such flavour | became
“That tasted just like pure honey from small bees.”

Atha kho, vāseṭṭha, aññataro satto lolajātiko: ‘ambho, kimevidaṁ bhavissatī’ti rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyi.
🔼(atha kho) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨀(aññatara) 🚹①⨀(satta) 🚹①⨀(lolajātika) : 🔼(ambho) 🔼(kimevidaṃ) ⏭🤟⨀(bhavati) 🔼(ti) 🚺②⨀(rasapathavī) 🚺③⨀(aṅguli) ⏮🤟⨀(sāyi)
after that | Vāseṭṭha | a certain | being | restless : hey! | what is this | will become | quote | essence of the earth | with finger | tasted
“After that, Vāseṭṭha, a certain being became restless: ‘Hey, what will this taste like?’ and tasted the essence of the earth with finger.”

Tassa rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyato acchādesi, taṇhā cassa okkami.
🚹⑥⨀(ta) ②⨀(rasapathavī) 🚺③⨀(aṅguli) 🚹⑥⨀(sāyanta) , 🚹①⨂(taṇha) 🔼(cassa) ⏮🤟⨀(okkami)
of that | essence of the earth | with finger | of tasting , craving | for him | occurred
“While tasting that essence of the earth with finger, he developed craving.”

Aññepi kho, vāseṭṭha, sattā tassa sattassa diṭṭhānugatiṁ āpajjamānā rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyiṁsu.
🚹①⨂(añña) 🔼(api) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨂(satta) 🚹⑥⨀(ta) 🚹⑥⨀(satta) 🚺①⨀(diṭṭhānugati) 🚺①⨀(āpajjamāna) ②⨀(rasapathavī) 🚺③⨀(aṅguli) ⏮🤟⨀(sāyi)
other | just | Vāseṭṭha | beings | of that | of being | following the example of | engaging in | essence of the earth | with finger | tasted
“Other beings, Vāseṭṭha, engaging in following the example of that being, tasted the essence of the earth with finger.”

Tesaṁ rasapathaviṁ aṅguliyā sāyataṁ acchādesi, taṇhā ca tesaṁ okkami.
🚹⑥⨂(ta) ②⨀(rasapathavī) 🚺③⨀(aṅguli) 🚹⑥⨂(sāyanta) , 🚹①⨂(taṇha) 🔼(ca) 🚹④⨂(ta) ⏮🤟⨀(okkami)
of those | essence of the earth | with finger | of tasting , craving | and | for those | occurred
“While they were tasting that essence of the earth with finger, they developed craving.”

Atha kho te, vāseṭṭha, sattā rasapathaviṁ hatthehi āluppakārakaṁ upakkamiṁsu paribhuñjituṁ.
🔼(atha kho) 🚹①⨂(ta) 🚹⓪⨀(vāseṭṭha) 🚹①⨂(satta) 🚺②⨀(rasapathavī) 🚹③⨂(hattha) 🔼(āluppakārakaṃ) ⏮🤟⨀(upakkami) 🔼(paribhuñjituṃ)
after that | those | Vāseṭṭha | beings | essence of the earth | by hand | tearing to bits | began | to eat
“After that, Vāseṭṭha, those beings began to eat the essence of the earth, tearing it to bits by hand.”

Atha tesaṁ sattānaṁ sayaṁpabhā antaradhāyi.
🔼(atha) 🚹⑥⨂(ta) 🚹⑥⨂(satta) 🚹①⨂(sayaṃpabha) ⏮🤟⨀(antaradhāyi)
then | of those | of being | self radiance | disappeared
“Then, the self radiance of those beings disappeared.”

Sayaṁpabhāya antarahitāya candimasūriyā pāturahesuṁ.
🚺③⨀(sayaṃpabha) 🚺③⨀(antarahita) 🚹①⨂(candimasūriya) ⏮🤟⨂(pāturahosi ) with self-radiance | with disappeared | the sun and the moon | appeared
“With the disappearence of self-radiance, the sun and the moon appeared.”

Candimasūriyesu pātubhūtesu nakkhattāni tārakarūpāni pāturahesuṁ.
🚹⑦⨂(candimasūriya) 🚹⑦⨂(pātubhūta) 🚻①⨂(nakkhatta) ⏮🤟⨂(pāturahosi)
at sun and moon | at appeared | constellation | starlight | appeared
“While the sun and moon appeared, the twinkling stars appeared.”

Nakkhattesu tārakarūpesu pātubhūtesu rattindivā paññāyiṁsu.
🚻⑦⨂(nakkhatta) 🚻⑦⨂(tārakarūpa) 🚻⑦⨂(pātubhūta) 🚻①⨂(rattindiva) ⏮🤟⨂(paññāyi)
at constellation | at starlight | at appeared | day and night | was evident
“When the twinkling stars appeared, day and night became evident.”

Rattindivesu paññāyamānesu māsaḍḍhamāsā paññāyiṁsu.
🚹⑦⨂(rattindiva) 🚹⑦⨂(paññāyamāna) 🚹①⨂(māsaḍḍhamāsa) ⏮🤟⨂(paññāyi)
at day and night | at evident | month and fortnight | was evident
“When day and night became evident, month and fortnight became evident.”

Māsaḍḍhamāsesu paññāyamānesu utusaṁvaccharā paññāyiṁsu.
🚹⑦⨂(māsaḍḍhamāsa) 🚹⑦⨂(paññāyamāna) 🚻①⨂(utusaṃvacchara) ⏮🤟⨂(paññāyi ) at month and fortnight | at evident | seasons and years | was evident
“When month and fortnight became evident, seasons and years became evident.”

Translate into Pali

Cīvarakkhandhaka Kd 8 PTS 1.268–1.311 1.1.2, 1.1.7-1.3.13 (Vin I 268, 2-3 +8 - 269,11):

At that time Vesālī (was) powerful and prosperous. The geisha Ambapāli was (hoti) beautiful, lovely, endowed with the highest beauty-of-complexion. (She was) skilled in dancing and singing and instrumental music. Visited by (use genitive) aspiring men (she) went (present time) for a night for fifty (kahapanas) ; and through her Vesālī appeared (present tense) beautiful in still greater measure (ablative). Then (add kho) a burgher of Rājagaha went (aorist) to Vesālī on (ins.) some business. He saw Vesālī powerful and prosperous, and the geisha Ambapāli, and through her Vesālī appearing beautiful in still greater measure. Then (+ kho) the burgher returned to Rājagaha. He approached the king, Magadha Seniya Bimbisāra, and having approached he said this to the king: " Vesālī, O king, (is) powerful and prosperous, etc., and through her Vesālī appears beautiful in still greater measure. (It would be) good, O king, (if) we too were to establish (optative of causative of ụ(d)-(ṭ)ṭhā : vuṭṭhāpeyy-) a geisha.” " Then (tena hi), I say, find out a girl whom you would establish (as) geisha! “Just at that time in Rājagaha there was (hoti) a girl named Sālavati, beautiful, lovely, endowed with the highest beauty-of-com-plexion. Then the burgher established the girl Sālavati as geisha. Then Sālavati soon became skilled in dancing, singing, and instrumental music. Visited by aspiring men she went (present tense) for a night for a hundred. Then Sālavati soon became pregnant. Then Sālavati thought: “A pregnant woman (is) displeasing to men. If anyone knows (future) I am pregnant (use direct speech : " Sālavati (is) pregnant “) all my entertainment will be eliminated. What now (if) I were to announce that I am ill (direct speech) ? ” Then Sālavati ordered the porter : “ Porter, I say, don’t let any man enter (mā with aorist 3rd person), (he) who asks (about) me you must inform that I am ill.“ “Yes, lady,” assented the porter to Sālavati the geisha.

At that time Vesālī (was) powerful and prosperous.
Tena kho pana samayena vesālī iddhā ceva hoti phitā ca (bahujanā ca ākiṇṇamanussā ca subhikkhā ca)

The geisha Ambapāli was (hoti) beautiful, lovely, endowed with the highest beauty-of-complexion.
ambapālī ca gaṇikā abhirūpā hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā,

(She was) skilled in dancing and singing and instrumental music.
padakkhiṇā nacce ca gīte ca vādite ca,

Visited by (use genitive) aspiring men (she) went (present time) for a night for fifty (kahapanas) ; and through her Vesālī appeared (present tense) beautiful in still greater measure (ablative).
abhisaṭā atthikānaṁ atthikānaṁ manussānaṁ paññāsāya ca rattiṁ gacchati; tāya ca vesālī bhiyyoso mattāya upasobhati.

Then (add kho) a burgher of Rājagaha went (aorist) to Vesālī on (ins.) some business.
Atha kho rājagahako negamo vesāliṁ agamāsi kenacideva karaṇīyena.

He saw Vesālī powerful and prosperous, and the geisha Ambapāli, and through her Vesālī appearing beautiful in still greater measure.
Addasā kho rājagahako negamo vesāliṁ iddhañceva phitañca bahujanañca …
ambapāliñca gaṇikaṁ (abhirūpaṁ dassanīyaṁ pāsādikaṁ paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgataṁ, padakkhiṇaṁ nacce ca gīte ca vādite ca, abhisaṭaṁ atthikānaṁ atthikānaṁ manussānaṁ paññāsāya ca rattiṁ gacchantiṁ), tāya ca vesāliṁ bhiyyoso mattāya upasobhantiṁ.

Then (+ kho) the burgher returned to Rājagaha.
Atha kho rājagahako negamo vesāliyaṁ taṁ karaṇīyaṁ tīretvā punadeva rājagahaṁ paccāgañchi.

He approached the king, Magadha Seniya Bimbisāra, and having approached he said this to the king: " Vesālī, O king, (is) powerful and prosperous, etc., and through her Vesālī appears beautiful in still greater measure.
Yena rājā māgadho seniyo bimbisāro tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā rājānaṁ māgadhaṁ seniyaṁ bimbisāraṁ etadavoca— “vesālī, deva, iddhā ceva phitā ca bahujanā ca ākiṇṇamanussā ca subhikkhā ca;
satta ca pāsādasahassāni …pe…
tāya ca vesālī bhiyyoso mattāya upasobhati.

(It would be) good, O king, (if) we too were to establish (optative of causative of ụ(d)-(ṭ)ṭhā : vuṭṭhāpeyy-) a geisha.”
Sādhu, deva, mayampi gaṇikaṁ vuṭṭhāpessāmā”ti.

" Then (tena hi), I say, find out a girl whom you would establish (as) geisha! "
“Tena hi, bhaṇe, tādisiṁ kumāriṁ jānātha yaṁ tumhe gaṇikaṁ vuṭṭhāpeyyāthā”ti.

Just at that time in Rājagaha there was (hoti) a girl named Sālavati, beautiful, lovely, endowed with the highest beauty-of-complexion.
Tena kho pana samayena rājagahe sālavatī nāma kumārī abhirūpā hoti dassanīyā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā.

Then the burgher established the girl Sālavati as geisha.
Atha kho rājagahako negamo sālavatiṁ kumāriṁ gaṇikaṁ vuṭṭhāpesi.

Then Sālavati soon became skilled in dancing, singing, and instrumental music.
Atha kho sālavatī gaṇikā nacirasseva padakkhiṇā ahosi nacce ca gīte ca vādite ca,

Visited by aspiring men she went (present tense) for a night for a hundred.
abhisaṭā atthikānaṁ atthikānaṁ manussānaṁ paṭisatena ca rattiṁ gacchati.

Then Sālavati soon became pregnant.
Atha kho sālavatī gaṇikā nacirasseva gabbhinī ahosi.

Then Sālavati thought: “A pregnant woman (is) displeasing to men.
Atha kho sālavatiyā gaṇikāya etadahosi—
“itthī kho gabbhinī purisānaṁ amanāpā.

If anyone knows (future) I am pregnant (use direct speech : " Sālavati (is) pregnant “) all my entertainment will be eliminated.
Sace maṁ koci jānissati—
sālavatī gaṇikā gabbhinīti, sabbo me sakkāro bhañjissati.

What now (if) I were to announce that I am ill (direct speech) ? ”
Yannūnāhaṁ gilānaṁ paṭivedeyyan”ti.

Then Sālavati ordered the porter : “ Porter, I say, don’t let any man enter (mā with aorist 3rd person), (he) who asks (about) me you must inform that I am ill.“
Atha kho sālavatī gaṇikā dovārikaṁ āṇāpesi—
“mā, bhaṇe dovārika, koci puriso pāvisi.
Yo ca maṁ pucchati, ‘gilānā’ti paṭivedehī”ti.

“Yes, lady,” assented the porter to Sālavati the geisha.
“Evaṁ, ayye”ti kho so dovāriko sālavatiyā gaṇikāya paccassosi.

Last modified January 18, 2024: Enhanced approach, Added Warder 20, disabled feedback (f9140f3)